Direct-acting steam-engine.



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PATBNTED DB0. 3, 1907. F. J. HBYSBR.

DIRECT ACTING STEAM ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24,1903.

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No. 872,937.v

I'. J. HEYSER. DIRECT ACTING STEAM ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE Z4. 1903.

PATENTED DEG. 3, 1907.

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FREDERICK I. HEYSER, OF BATTLE CREEK, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO WILLIAM T. I-IULSCHER, OF BATTLE CREEK, MICHIGAN.

DIRECT-ACTING STEAM-ENGINE.

Patented Dec. 3, 190'?.

Application filed .Iune 24. 1903. Serial No. 162.844.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK J. HEYSER, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Battle Creek, in the county of Calhoun and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Direct-Acting Steam-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in direct acting steam engines, and particularly to the direct acting steam engines of a direct acting steam pump.

The invention relates more particularly to the valve for such a direct acting steam engine.

The objects ofthe invention are, first, to provide a simple and compact structure economical to manufacture and effective in use. Second, to provide an improved construction and arrangement of auxiliaryT valve for use in connection with the main valve having restricted portage being the governing feature of the main valve for steam pumps. Third, to provide an improved construction of the main steam actuated valve for a steam pump.

Fourth, to provide an improved construction and arrangement of valves and valve ports whereby the action of the main valve will be cushioned and will be capable of easy regulation.

Further objects, and objects relating to the details of construction will appear from the detailed description to follow.

I accomplish. the objects of my invention by the devices and means described in the i following specification.

The invention is clearly defined and pointed out in the claims.

A structure embodying the features of my invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, in which,

Figure 1 is a plan view of the steam end of a steam pump embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse detail sectional view on line 2v2 of Figs. 1, 3 and 5. Fig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal detail sectional view through the main valve taken on a line corresponding to line 3- 3 of Figs. l and 2. 4 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the auxiliary valve seat taken on line i-4. of Fig. 2, the valve being removed. Fig. 5 is a similar detail view taken on line 4 4 of'Fig. 2, the valve D being in place. Fig. 6 is a detail horizontal sectional view on line 6-6 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view on the oblique line 7 7 of Fig.. 5, showing the valve D in position. Fig. 8 is a detail view of the face of the valve D. Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view on a line corresponding to line 9 9 of Fig. 5, showing how the valve stem E engages the auxiliary valve. Fig. l() is an enlarged detail transverse sectional view on a line corresponding to line 10-10 of Fig. 3, showing restricted portage of main valve.

In the drawing, all of the sectional views are taken looking in the direction of the little arrows at the ends of the section lines, and similar letters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the severalviews.

Referring to the lettered parts of the drawing, the pump cylinder A is provided with the usual heads, and has formed within it, the exhaust passage H, and the steam passages F F to each end thereof.

The valve casing B is provided with suitable ports connecting to the exhaust passage H, and the steam passages F, F. The valve is hollow and cylindrical in form, a D, C/ being cut in its under side,`to connect the steam passages F, F, alternately with the exhaust H. Supply ports c are bored through the hollowvalve at each side of the D, C, and are adapted to register alternately with the steam passages F, F, which are of greater area. The supply pipe G connects to the top of the casing and an aperture C in the top of the hollow valve C registers at all times with this supply pipe, so that as the valve is reciprocated back and forth, it delivers steam through the restricted ports c, c, to actuate the engine, and the D, C alternately connects the exhaust H to the steam passage F or F opposite to the inlet of steam.

The ports c c being restricted to a lesser area than will promptly supply the cylinder with steam under the required pressure, will cause the piston to operate slowly under the load. This is exactly what occurs in a pumping engine and, by using this means, the engine will be operated evenly and will be thoroughly governed. With this construction, however, if the suction should break so that the engine would start to operate without load, the piston would be thrown forward by the inflow of steam through the ports c c which are of lesser area than the ports F, F, and as there is no load on the piston, it will move very easy and fast. At the same time the ports which admit and exhaust steam to operate the main valve C are of very small area and do not allow the space or opening between the valve C and the chest heads in B to fill or pack with steam. As the steam has had no chance to pack or fill in against the main valve C just as soon as steam is admitted to the opposite end, it

meets with no resistance and as the valve is practically balanced, moves at once. However, when the pump is working under load these spaces fill with steam as there has been plenty of time. Now as the port t' is of so small an area compared with the space filled or packed with steam, it takes more time to exhaust and consequently there is slower action with the valve which means a longer stroke `under duty and shorter when working light on broken suction.

The auxiliary valve D for supplying steam to actuate the main valve, which main valve it is observed, is a piston valve, is a disk valve, and fits a flat seat formed in the side of the main valve casing, B. The disk valve has deep notches formed in each side at 7 7c, and has connecting ports formed in its face at each side. From below the center of the valve seat, and at each side, passages t t lead out nearly to the end of the main valve chamber, and passages n n lead out to the extreme end of the valve chamber.

An exhaust passage g connects from the main exhaust II upwardly to ports ff in the face of the valve seat, the general arrangement appearing in Fig. 4. The ports j f, and the ports to the passages i t', are the same distance from the center of this circular s'eat. The ports ff at each side are connected to the port to the passages i t at each side alternately to exhaust the steam from the ends of the cylindrical chamber of the piston valve C. The ports at each side to the passages n, t, are in the same radial line, so that when the notch 7c swings over the same, steam will be freely admitted through both ports at the same time, so that as the valve D oscillates, the ports and passages t and n at each end are alternately connected to the steam supply. A passage 7L connects to the inlet G to deliver steam to the auxiliary valve D. The valve stem E is retained in a suitable stuiiingabox and has a suitable collar to prevent the steam forcing it outward. A lever E with suitable pitman connection E connected to the piston rod or other movable part of the engine serves to actuate this auxiliary valve at proper intervals.

I/Vhen the valve is swung to the position indicated in Fig. 5, steam enters at the right hand ports to the passages t' n and is conveyed to the right hand end of the piston valve C, when the same will be forced to the left of the cylinder as it appears in Fig. l, which is to the right hand of the illustration in Fig. 3. When the valve is in the position indicated in Fig. 5, the left hand port to the passage t there indicated by dotted-lines is connected to the left hand exhaust port f so that steam is exhausting through the port i only, the port to the passage n being entirely F, and drive the piston towards the left.v

When the piston reaches the proper portion of its stroke towards the left, it will, through its connections, actuate the disk valve D swinging it so that the notch 7C will be swung around to embrace the opposite pair of ports i, n, when the engine will be reversed and actuated in the opposite direction by exactly the same steps that it was actuated in the first place. The ports c c being of smaller area than the ports to the steam passages F F to the steam cylinder, are an effective means of controlling the iiow of steam, and serve to govern the engine and prevent speeding or pounding.

From this description, it will be very clear that this improved valve structure is very simple indeed. The disk valve, it will be noted, is held against the flat surface by the pressure of the steam which constantly takes up wear and makes a tight oint. The main valve is also urged down by the pressure of steam and held securely against its seat, making a tight joint there, thus making the valve very effective, while, at the same time, the pressure exerted is so slight as not to re-l sult in any serious wear. The structure, it

.will also be observed, is also very simple to manufacture.

I desire to remark that the details of the` structure can be considerably modified without departing from my invention, although the exact structure I believe possesses merit over any other.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is z- 1. In a direct acting engine, the combination of the steam cylinder A, with steam passages F F and an exhaust passage H; a valve casing with ports connecting with said steam and exhaust passages; a hollow cylindrical valve supported in a cylindrical bore in said valve casing and adapted to reciprocate therein," the said valve having an opening connecting itsintericr to the steam supply, and having a D, C formed on the under side thereof, and restricted 'steam ports c formed through the walls thereof, towards each end for delivering steam through the steam passages F, to the engine, a flat valve seat in the side of the main valve casing having exhaust ports ff connected by a passage g to the exf haust of the engine, and a passage h leading from the steam supply to the said valve chamber5 a steam passage t passing from the said valve seat outwardly to near the end of the cylindrical valve chamber, and a passage n opening in the same radial line as the passage 't on the same side ofthe valve seat and extending to the extreme end of the main valve chamber at 'each side 5 an auxiliary disk valve D with radial notch 7c therein, of sullicient depth to embrace the openings to the passages i, n at first one side and then the other of the engine as the valve is operated and having depressions in its face, positioned to embrace and connect the Vexhaust poi-isf alternately with the steam passages t' at each end of the main valve, whereby the valve will be cushioned in its operation; a valve stem E supported by a suitable stu'l'ling box and having an angular end engaging the disk valve D for oscillating the same; an arm E with a connecting pitman E adapted to connect to a moving part of the engine for actuating the said auxiliary valve, all coacting for the purpose specified.

2. ln a direct acting engine, the combination of the steam cylinder A, with steam passages F F and an exhaust passage H 5 a valve casing with ports connecting with said steam and exhaust passages; a hollow cylindrical valve supported in a cylindrical bore in said valve casing and adapted to reciprocate therein, the said valve having an opening connecting its interior to the steam supply and having a D, C formed on the under side thereof, and steam ports c formed through the walls thereof towards each end for delivering steam through the steam passages F to the engine 5 a flat valve seat in the side of the main valve casing, having exhaust ports ff connected by a passage g to the exhaust of the engine, and a passage h leading from the steam supply to the said valve chamber; a steam passage i passing from the said valve seat outwardly to near the end of the cylin drical valve chamber, and a passage n opening in the same radial line as the passage i on the same side of the valve seat and extending to the extreme end of the main valve chamber at each side; an auxiliary disk valve D with radial notch 7c therein, of suflicient depth to embrace the openings to the passages i, n, at first one side and then the other of the engine as the valve is operated, and having depressions j in its face, positioned to embr `ce and connect the exhaust ports f alternately with the steam passages i at each side of the main valve, whereby the valve will be cushioned in its operation; a valve stem E supported by a suitable stuffing box sages F F and an exhaust passage H 5 a valve casing with ports connecting with said steam and exhaust passages 5 a hollow cylindrical valve supported in a cylindrical bore in said valve casing and adapted to reciprocate therein, the said valve having an opening connecting its interior to the steam supply and having a D, C formed on the under side thereof, and restricted steam ports c. formed through the walls thereof towards each end for delivering steam through the steam passages F to the engine; a flat valve seat in the side of the main valve casing having exhaust ports ff connected by a passage g to the exhaust of the engine, and a passage h leading from the steam supply to the said valve chamber 5 a steam passage i passing from the said valve seat outwardly to near the end of the cylindrical valve chamber, and a passage n opening in the same radial line as the passage t' on the same side of the valve seat and extending to the extreme end of the main valve chamber at each side; an auxiliary disk valve D with radial notch lc therein, of suflicient depth to embrace the openings to the passages i, n, at first one side and then the other of the engine as the valve is operated and having depressions in its face, positioned to embrace and connect the exhaust ports f alternately with the steam passages i at each side of the main valve, whereby the valve will be cushioned in its operation; connections to the said auxiliary valve for actuating the same, all coacting for the purpose specified.

4. In a direct acting engine, the combination of the steam cylinder A, with steam passages F F and an exhaust passage H 5 a valve casing with ports connecting with said steam and exhaust passages 5 a hollow cylindrical valve supported in a cylindrical bore in said valve casing and adapted to recipro cate therein, the said valvehaving an opening connecting its interior to the steam supply and having a D, C formed on the under side thereof, and steam ports c formed through the walls thereof towards each end for delivering steam through the steam passages F to the engine 5 a fiat valve seat in the side of the main valve casing having exhaust ports f f connected by a passage g to the exhaust of the engine, and a passage h leading from the steam supply to the said valve chamber; a steam passage t passing from the said valve seat outwardly to near the end of the cylindrical valve chamber, and a passage n opening in the same radial line as the passage 'i on the same side of the valve seat and extending to the extreme end of the main valve chamber at each side; an auxiliary disk valve D with radial notch c therein, of sufficient depth to embrace the openings to the passages i, n at first one side and then the other of the engine as the valve is operated and having depressions y' in its face, positioned to embrace and connect the exhaust ports f alternately with the steam passages i at each side of the main valve, whereby the valve will be cushioned in its operation; connections to the said auxiliary valve for actuating the same, all coacting for the purpose specified.

5. In a direct acting engine, the combination of the steam cylinder A, with steam lindrical valve supported in a cylindrical bore in said valve casing and adapted to reciprocate therein, the said valve having an opening connecting its interior to the steam supply and. having a D, C formed on the under side thereof, and restricted steam ports c formed through the wallsthereof towards each end for delivering steam through the steam passages F to the engine; a valve seat in the side of the main valve casing having exhaust ports connected by a passage g to the exhaust of the engine, and a passage leading from the steam supply to the said valve chamber; a passage t' passing from the valve seat outwardly to near the end of the cylindrical valve chamber, and a passage n opening into the valve seat in position to be connected to the steam passage 'i by the movements of the engine and leading to the extreme end of the main valve chamber to each side; an auxiliary valve formed with ports to connect the passages n i together to the steam supply at each end alternately and with a portage to connect the passage i only, to the exhaust at the opposite side, for

-the purpose specified.

6. In a direct acting engine, the combination of the steam cylinder A, with steam passages F F and an exhaust passage H; a valve casing with ports connecting with said steam and exhaust passages; a hollow cylindrical valve supported in a cylindrical bore in said valve casing and adapted to reciprocate therein, the said valve having an opening connecting its interior to the steam supply and having a D, C formed on the under side thereof, and steam ports c formed through the walls thereof towards each end, for delivering steam through the steam passages F to the engine; a valve seat in the side of the main valve casing having exhaust ports connected by a passage g to the exe haust of the engine, and a passage leading from the steam supply to the said valve chamber; a passage i, passing from the valve seat outwardly to near the end of the cylindrical valve chamber, and a passage n opening into the valve seat in position to be'connected to the steam passage i by the movements of the engine and leading to the extreme end of the main valve chamber to each side; an auxiliary valve formed with ports to connect the passages n, i together to the steam supply Iat each end alternately and with a portage to connect the passage i only, to the exhaust at the opposite side, for the purpose specified.

7. In a direct acting engine, the combination of the steam cylinder A, with steam passages F F and a full exhaust passage H; -a valve casing with ports connecting with said steam and exhaust passages; a cylindrical valve in a cylindrical bore in said valve casing and adapted to reciprocate therein, having suitable portages for delivering steam to the steam passages of the engine; a fiat valve seat in the side of the main valve casing having exhaust ports f f connected by a passage g to the exhaust of the engine, and a passage 71, leading from the steam supply to the said valve chamber; a steam passage i passing from the said valve seat outwardly to near the end of the cylindrical valve chamber, and a passage a opening in the same' radial line as the passage i on the same side of the valve seat and extending to the extreme end of the main valve chamber at each side; an auxiliary disk valve D with radial notch k therein, of suflicient depth to embrace the openings to the passages i fa, at first one side and then the other of the engine as the valve is operated and having depressions j in its face, positioned to embrace and connect the exhaust ports f alternately with the steam passages 'i' at each end of the main valve, whereby the valve will be cushioned in its operation; a valve stem E supported by a suitable stuffing box and having an anf gular end engaging the disk valve D for oscillating the same; anarm E with a connecting pitmanE adapted to connect to a moving part of the engine for actuating the said auxiliary valve, all coacting for the purpose specified.

8. In a direct acting enginefthe combination of the steam cylinder A, with passages F F and a full exhaust passage H; a valve casing with ports connecting with said steam and exhaust passages; a hollow cylindrical valve supported in a cylindrical bore in said valve casing and adapted to reciprocate therein, the said valve having an opening connecting its interior to the steam supply and having a D, C formed on the under side thereof; and restricted steam ports c formed through the walls thereof, towards each end for delivering steam through the steam passages F to the engine; a flat valve seat in the side of the main valve casing having exhaust ports f f connected by a passage g to the exhaust of the engine,V and a passage 7L leading from the steam supply to the said Valve chamber; a steam passage 'Il passing from the said Valve seat outwardly to near the end of the cylindrical valve chamber, and a passage n opening in the same radial line as the passage "i on the same side of the Valve seat and extending to the extreme end of theA rnain Valve chamber at each side an auxiliary disk Valve D with radial notch k therein, of sufficient depth to embrace the openings to the passages i n at first one side and then the other of the engine as the Valve is operated, and having depressions in its face, posihand and seal in the presence of tWo Wit- Y nesses.

FREDERICK J. IIEYSER. [L. 5.]

Witnesses:

DUANE C. SALIsBURY, WALTER H. NORTH. 

